Answer :
United Nations conference on environment and development was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992.
● It is also called the Earth Summit or the Rio Summit.
● It was attended by 178, thousands of NGOs and many multinational corporations.
● It was noticed in this submit that the rich and the developed countries of the first world which are usually referred to as the 'Global North' were pursuing a different environmental agenda than the poor and the developing countries of the Third world which was called the 'Global South'.
● The northern states were concerned with ozone depletion and global warming.
● The southern states were concerned to address the relationship between economic, development and environmental management.
● It reduced the convention ceiling with climate change, forestry, biodiversity and recommended a list of development practices called agenda 21.
● However, it was left unresolved due to many differences and difficulties.
● There was a consensus on combining economic growth with ecological responsibility.
● This approach of development is known as sustainable development.
● Now the problem arose as to how to achieve sustainable development.
● According to some critics, agenda 21 was biased in favor of economic growth rather than ensuring ecological conservation.
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