The bob of a pend

Given,

Length of the pendulum, l = 1.5 m

Energy dissipated against air resistance, E = 5%

Let m be the mass of the bob and v be its velocity at the lowermost point.

At the extreme end:

Potential energy of the bob, P = mgl

Kinetic energy of the bob, K = 0 (∵ bob is at rest)

Total energy of bob, E = P + E

⇒ E = mgl ……………(1)

At the lowermost point:

Potential energy of the bob, P = 0

Kinetic energy of the bob, K = (1/2)mv²

Total energy of the bob, E = P + K

⇒ E = (1/2)mv²

During the motion from an extreme end to the lowermost point, the bob loses 5% of its energy, i.e., it has 95% of the energy.

So, (1/2)mv² = (95/100)mgl

⇒ v² = 95gl/50

⇒ v =

⇒ v =

⇒ v = 5.28 m s^-1