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After 1947, the Indian government demanded the Portuguese to hand over colonies to the Union but the Portuguese had refused it. In 1950 India asked Portugal for open negotiation about the Portuguese colonies in India. Lisbon said that Goa is not a colony but a part of Portugal and people are its citizens. After many requests and non-violence techniques, the Portuguese were not agreed and ultimately in 1953, India broke all diplomatic ties with Portugal.

The United Front of Goan and Azad Gomantak Dal were the revolutionary groups who demanded freedom from Portuguese and started many protests. In 1955 peaceful satyagrahis were brutally suppressed which compelled the government of India to start economic blockade against Portugal colonies. After all such an attempt when the Portuguese did not agree, the Indian Government operated military action named as Operation Vijay that involved air, sea, and land strikes in 1961. And finally, Goa merged with India as a union territory in 1963.