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Migration refers to the movement of people and human settlements from the rural areas to the urban areas. Employment opportunities, higher standard of living, better facilities and infrastructure force people to migrate from rural areas to urban areas. It can be caused by the operation of both push factors and pull factors.

• Push factors: They generally make the place of origin seem backward and less attractive. It pushes people to migrate from their place of origin to other places. It would be typically the result of unemployment, poor living conditions, political turmoil, natural disasters, epidemics and socio-economic backwardness.

• Pull factors: This generally makes the place of destination seem advanced and attractive than the place of origin. It will pull the people towards them for many reasons. Better job opportunities, improved living conditions, political peace and stability and security of life and property are some reasons to state.