Explain why p-nitrophenol is more acidic than phenol.

Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion : Phenol forms 2, 4, 6 – tribromophenol on treatment with Br2 in carbon disulphide at 273K.

Reason : Bromine polarises in carbon disulphide.

(a) How do you convert the following :

(i) Phenol to Anisole

(ii) Ethanol to Propan-2-ol

(b) Write mechanism of the following reaction :

(c) Why phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution more easily than benzene ?

OR

(a) Account for the following :

(i) o-nitrophenol is more steam volatile than p-nitrophenol.

(ii) t-butyl chloride on heating with sodium methoxide gives 2-methylpropene instead of t-butylmethylether.

(b) Write the reaction involved in the following :

(i) Reimer-Tiemann reaction

(ii) Friedal-Crafts Alkylation of Phenol

(c) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.

Explain why rate of reaction of Lucas reagent with three classes of alcohols different? Give chemical equations wherever required.

Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion : Phenols give o- and p-nitrophenol on nitration with conc. HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ mixture.

Reason : —OH group in phenol is o–, p– directing.

Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion : Like bromination of benzene, bromination of phenol is also carried out in the presence of Lewis acid.

Reason : Lewis acid polarises the bromine molecule.