A bag contains 8 red, 6 white and 4 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. Find the probability that the drawn ball is

(i) red or white

(ii) not black

(iii) neither white or black

Cards numbered from 11 to 60 are kept in a box. If a card is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that the number on the drawn cards is

(i) an odd number

(ii) a perfect square number

(iii) divisible by 5

(iv) a prime number less than 20

The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards and the remaining cards are shuffled. A card is drawn from the remaining cards. Find the probability of getting a card of (i) heart (ii) queen

(iii) clubs.

Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the same time. Complete the following table:

From the above table a student argues that there are 11 possible outcomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Therefore, each of them has a probability . Do you agree with this argument?

Fill in the blanks:

(i) Probability of a sure event is ………. .

(ii) Probability of an impossible event is ………….. .

(iii) The probability of an event (other than sure and impossible event) lies between ……….. .

(iv) Every elementary event associated to a random experiment has ………. Probability.

(v) Probability of an event A+ Probability of event ‘not A’ = ………….. .

(vi) Sum of the probabilities of each outcome in an experiment is …………. .

Cards marked with numbers 13, 14, 15, …, 60 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One card is drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that number on the card drawn is

(i) divisible by 5

(ii) a number is a perfect square

A group consists of 12 persons, of which 3 are extremely patient, other 6 are extremely honest and rest are extremely kind. A person from the group is selected at random. Assuming that each person is equally likely to be selected, find the probability of selecting a person who is (i) extremely patient (ii) extremely kind or honest. Which of the above you prefer more.

A box contains 100 red cards, 200 yellow cards and 50 blue cards. If a card is drawn at random from the box, then find the probability that it will be (i) a blue card (ii) not a yellow card (iii) neither yellow nor a blue card

A number is selected at random from first 50 natural numbers. Find the probability that it is a multiple of 3 and 4.

Examine each of the following statements and comment:

(i) If two coins are tossed at the same time, there are 3 possible outcomes – two heads, two tails, or one of each. Therefore, for each outcome, the probability of occurrence is 1/3.

(ii) If a die is thrown once, there are two possible outcomes – an odd number or an even number. Therefore, the probability of obtaining an odd number is � and the probability of obtaining an even number is 1/2.

Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that:

(i) 5 will not come up on either of them?

(ii) 5 will come up on at least one?

(iii) 5 will come up at both dice?