Describe the importa

1. Gymnosperms are plants with naked seeds. (Seeds are not enclosed in a fruit)

2. They include plant body that ranges from medium to tall trees and shrubs. The giant redwood tree Sequoia is one of the tallest trees in the world.

3. The root system is tap roots kind.

4. The stem can be branched (as in Pinus and Cedrus) or unbranched (as in Cycas).

5. The leaves are simple (like in Pinus) or compound (like in Cycas). The leaves are needle-like, with a thick cuticle and sunken stomata (which prevent water loss)

6. Gymnosperms are heterosporous, which mean that they have two types of spores:  microspores and megaspores.

7. They do not flower. The males and female components are the microsporophylls and megasporophylls which arrange to form compact male and female cones.

8. The male and female gametophyte structures are present on separate male and female cones.

9. Gymnosperms have simpler pollination as all transmit their pollen by wind.

10. The seeds contain haploid endosperms and remain uncovered.

11. The pollen tube directly penetrates the egg cell.