Answer :
(a) Here V = 6 volt, R1 = 1 ohm, R2 = 2 ohm
The connection is in series. So Equivalent resistance = R1+R2 = 1 + 2 = 3 ohm
We know that
Total current I = V/R = 6/3 = 2A
Current through R2 = I2 = I = 2A
Voltage across R2 = V2 = I2R2 = 2×2 = 4 ohm
Power used in R2 = I2V2 = 2×4 = 8W
(b) Here, V = 4 volt,R1 = 12 ohm, R2 = 2 ohm
We know that, as the connection is in parallel so voltage across R2 = V2 = V = 4V
Current across R2 = I2 = V2/R2 = 4/2 = 2A
As power = IV
Power used in R2 = I2V2 = 2×4 = 8W
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